An alternative name for the Quadrantids is the Bootids since the meteors appear to radiate from the modern constellation of Bootes. Quadrans Muralis is located between the constellations of Bootes and Draco (near the end of the handle of the "Big Dipper"). When the International Astronomical Union (IAU) created a list of recognized modern constellations in 1922, Quadrans Muralis was left off the list. (The constellation takes its name from an early astronomical instrument used to observe and plot star positions: a quadrant.) The Quadrantids were first seen in 1825. Their radiant – the point in the sky from which the Quadrantids appear to come – is an obsolete constellation called "Quadrans Muralis." French astronomer Jerome Lalande created this constellation in 1795. It was astronomer and research scientist Peter Jenniskens who realized that 2003 EH1 is the source for the Quadrantid meteors. 2003 EH1 is a small asteroid – its diameter measures only about two miles (three kilometers) across. It is possible that 2003 EH is a "dead comet" or a "rock comet."Ģ003 EH1 was discovered on March 6, 2003, by the Lowell Observatory Near-Earth Object Search (LONEOS). Asteroid 2003 EH1 takes 5.52 years to orbit the Sun once. Unlike most meteor showers which originate from comets, the Quadrantids originate from an asteroid: asteroid 2003 EH1. Every year the Earth passes through these debris trails, which allows the bits to collide with our atmosphere where they disintegrate to create fiery and colorful streaks in the sky. When these objects come around the sun, the dust they emit gradually spreads into a dusty trail around their orbits. Meteors come from leftover comet particles and bits from broken asteroids. Be patient – the show will last until dawn, so you have plenty of time to catch a glimpse. In less than 30 minutes in the dark, your eyes will adapt and you will begin to see meteors. Lie flat on your back with your feet facing northeast and look up, taking in as much of the sky as possible. Come prepared for winter weather with a sleeping bag, blanket, or lawn chair. To view the Quadrantids, find an area well away from the city or street lights. The Quadrantids are best viewed in the Northern Hemisphere (this shower can also be seen at latitudes north of 51 degrees south) during the night and predawn hours. Fireballs are also brighter, with magnitudes brighter than -3. This is due to the fact that fireballs originate from larger particles of material. Fireballs are larger explosions of light and color that can persist longer than an average meteor streak.
Quadrantids are also known for their bright fireball meteors. (The reason the peak is so short is due to the shower's thin stream of particles and the fact that the Earth crosses the stream at a perpendicular angle.) During its peak, 60 to as many as 200 Quadrantid meteors can be seen per hour under perfect conditions. The Quadrantids peak, on the other hand, is much shorter – only a few hours. Most meteor showers have a two-day peak, which makes catching sight of these other meteors much more possible. The Quadrantids, which peak during early-January each year, are considered to be one of the best annual meteor showers. The Quadrantids, which peak during early-January each year, are considered to be one of the best annual meteor showers.Ģ003 EH1 (an asteroid or a possible "rock comet")Ĭonstellation Bootes originally Quadrans Muralis (now a defunct constellation)ĭec.
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